A cyst is a fluid-filled sac. Most women who are of reproductive age develop these cysts every month in their ovaries. This is a normal process and the cysts contain eggs, which are then released, and the cysts resolves. These cysts are normally les than 5cm in diameter and in most cases reassurance and a repeated scan is all that is needed. Although in most cases these cysts are painless occasionally they can cause pain the classic example being pain that some women get with ovulation.
However not all cysts are 'normal' . Cysts developing outside of the reproductive age group, those with solid areas or septations and those larger than 5cm need evaluation by a specialist. Even in these cases the majority are non cancerous and can be dealt with simply, using 'keyhole surgery'. Ovarian cysts may be symptom less and be picked up on scans done for another reason or they may present with pain, abdominal swelling or pressure symptoms.
Ovarian cancer is a concern for all women and for those dedicated to their care. Unfortunately it presents late and the prognosis is poor. Some ovarian cysts can be cancerous and this is more likely the older you are. Screening for ovarian cancer is possible but is not specific and something you should discuss with your gynaecologist.
